5. The DAGMAR Model ( D efining A dvertising G oals for M easured A dvertising R esults) also known as ‘Hierarchy of Effects’ model
6.
7. Ehrenburg Model (1997) Awareness Trial Reinforcement Nudging Let the customer know you exist (Doesn’t have to be just advertising) Curiosity (rather than ‘persuasion’) could lead to trial of product. Provide reassurance in brand. (Role suitable for advertising) Remind – reinforce - repeat purchase.
8.
9.
10.
11. David Bernstein’s VIPS checklist To be effective, an advertising message should be checked to see that it has the following qualities: V ISIBILITY I DENTITY P ROMISE S INGLEMINDEDNESS